¶ Heat pumps not compliant with Ecodesign/Energy Labelling Directives or EN14825/EN16147
Where a heat pump make/model is not compliant with the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directives and has no EN14825 / EN16147 test data, that heat pump is entered in DEAP following the guidance in this section. This section is used for space heating only where the heat pump make/model is not compliant with the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directives and does not have valid EN14825 test data. This section is used for water heating only where the make/model is not compliant with the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directives and does not have valid EN16147 test data. Where the make/model is compliant with the directives and/or has EN14825 and EN16147 data, then the approach for heat pumps compliant with Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directive detailed in Section G3 must be applied in DEAP. See Figure G1 above.
For new buildings or where the heat pump is installed after 26th September 2015, it is assumed that the heat pump is compliant with the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directives as these are mandatory after 26 September 2015. If such a heat pump is not compliant, the BER assessor must demonstrate, using confirmation from the heat pump manufacturer/supplier, why the heat pump is not required to comply with the directives. Otherwise, the BER assessor must use heat pump efficiency defaults from Table 4a of the DEAP manual for that heat pump.
Where a heat pump make/model was installed before 26 September 2015 and does not comply with the directives, that heat pump can still be entered in DEAP as explained in this section. However, where the make/model does comply with the directives, then the new approach detailed in Section G3 of this document must be applied in DEAP assessments.
In all instances where the make/model of the heat pump is compliant with the Ecodesign and Energy Labelling Directive, the methodology outlined in Section G3 of this document must be followed.
If the heat pump is not required to comply with the Ecodesign Directive, values from the HARP database are used where available if there is no data from Ecodesign technical data or its associated standards EN14825/EN16147 for the heat pump make/model in question. In this instance, if there is no SPF for the heat pump listed on HARP, then certified data from or endorsed by an accredited laboratory may be used to calculate the SPF. Accredited data requirements are detailed in the DEAP manual section ’Accredited or certified data‘. The calculation method requires test certificates from EN14511-2, IS EN 255-2 or EN 15879. Full details of this SPF calculation method as applicable to several types of heat pump are available in the HARP heat pump database submission notes1.
¶ Domestic hot water: not in scope of Ecodesign/ Energy Label Directive or EN16147
If the heat pump is not in scope of the Ecodesign and Energy Label Directives or has not been tested to I.S. EN 16147, the following methodology is applied.
It is necessary to determine if the heat pump can meet all of the DHW demand where the Ecodesign Regulations do not apply. Where the heat pump can heat the DHW to the required temperature and does not have an integral immersion or integral electric element capable of providing hot water, the heat pump is assumed to meet all of the DHW demand in DEAP and Section G2.1.3 below applies. If the heat pump has an integral immersion/element OR cannot heat the stored/supplied DHW to the required temperature, then Section G2.1.1 below applies:
Ability of heat pump to meet temperature:
- As detailed in Section G1.1, the temperature required by the heat pump to meet the DHW requirement is based on the type of installation.
- The maximum flow temperature output from the heat pump is taken from CE marked literature, CE marked data plates or accredited test data for the heat pump in question.
Identifying integral immersion/electric element for water heating
The following rules apply when identifying integral immersion/element for water heating in a heat pump:
- An immersion or water heating electric element is considered to be integral if it is within the heat pump unit and is capable of providing DHW. This would typically be part of the DHW circuit in the heat pump unit or part of a DHW store built into the unit.
- An integral immersion/element must be considered present regardless of whether it is used during normal operation or if it is only provided as a backup to the heat pump.
- An immersion/element is not considered to be integral if it is either absent or is only present in a DHW store physically separate from the heat pump unit.
- Evidence of presence or absence of an integral immersion is taken from product literature, test data, site evidence or a written statement from the system designer/installer for the heat pump make/model and dwelling being assessed.
- If it is not clear if there is an immersion/element integral to the heat pump DHW circuit, assume that it is present.
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DHW heated by heat pump not meeting all DHW demand
This section applies for heat pumps not in scope of the Ecodesign or Energy Labelling Directives or without EN16147 test data and there is an integral immersion/element in the heat pump or the heat pump cannot meet the required DHW temperatures detailed above. The water heating efficiency and water heating efficiency adjustment factor in DEAP are set out below and are automatically derived by DEAP.
Where the heat pump does not meet all of the DHW demand and EN14511-2/ EN255-2 or Table 4a default data is used as the basis for the DHW efficiency, DEAP assumes that 50% of DHW is heated by the heat pump and 50% by an immersion heater. The heat pump water heating efficiency is adjusted by DEAP as follows:
(G1)
- SPF is the seasonal performance factor of the heat pump entered by the user in DEAP as determined by one of the following methods and is entered in kW/kW units (e.g., 320% would be 3.2):
- EN 14511-2 (from HARP or certified test data averaged from test points in DEAP Appendix G).
- EN 255-2 (from HARP or certified test data test data averaged test points in DEAP Appendix G).
- Table 4a default in DEAP manual.
- The water heating efficiency adjustment factor is set to 1 by DEAP in this case.
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DHW efficiency in DEAP based on EN 255-3
Where the heat pump has been tested to EN255-3 and this is used as the basis for the DHW efficiency, DEAP bases the proportion of domestic hot water provided by the heat pump on the ’Reference hot water temperature‘ from the EN 255-3 test certificate and calculates the remaining portion to be provided by the backup water heater. The efficiency for water heating is calculated based on the COP of the heat pump to EN 255-3 and the fraction of hot water provided by the backup heater (if present) and the corresponding efficiency of the backup heater. Key data entries are as follows:
- COP (in kW/kW rather than as a percentage) is taken directly from EN255-3 certified data and entered by the user in DEAP.
- The reference hot water temperature (OC) and heating capacity are entered in DEAP. Where reference hot water temperature is unknown, default it to 40OC.
- DEAP calculates the overall efficiency based on the requirement for backup heater as the efficiency of main water heating system.
- The water heating efficiency adjustment factor is set to 1 by DEAP.
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DHW heated by heat pump meeting all DHW demand
This section applies for heat pumps not in scope of the Ecodesign or Energy Labelling Directive or EN16147 test data where there is no integral immersion/element in the heat pump and the heat pump meets the required DHW temperatures detailed above. The water heating efficiency and adjustment factor in DEAP are set out below.
Where the heat pump meets all of the DHW demand and EN14511-2 or EN255-2 are used as the basis for the DHW efficiency, it is assumed that all of the DHW is heated by the heat pump:
- SPF is the seasonal performance factor of the heat pump entered by the user is determined from one of the following methods
- EN 14511 -2 (from HARP or certified test data averaged from test points in DEAP Appendix G)
- EN 255-2 (from HARP or certified test data averaged from test points in DEAP Appendix G)
- DEAP sets the efficiency adjustment factor to 0.7.
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DHW heated by immersion only
Where an immersion heater is used for heating all hot water, the main water heater is specified as an immersion as per Table 4a.
¶ Space heating: not in scope of Ecodesign / Energy Label Directive
This section applies where the heat pump is used for space heating but is not in scope of Ecodesign/ Energy Label Directives and does not have EN14825 test data. The following guidance summarises how to identify the key entries related to the heat pump system.
Seasonal performance factor (SPF)
The SPF is entered as the space heating efficiency as a percentage where the heat pump is identified as the main space heater according to DEAP Appendix A. It is derived as detailed at the start of Section 2 above and is preferably taken from HARP but may also be based on accredited test data (to EN14511-2 or EN255-2) or the defaults in DEAP Table 4a.
Efficiency adjustment factor
The efficiency adjustment factor for space heating is based on DEAP Table 4c (e) for heat pumps. The efficiency adjustment factor is automatically calculated by DEAP based on system data including the design flow temperature and controls.